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驰放气发电机组排放多少污染物?
与煤电相比,气电更具清洁性。从碳排放上看,天然气的主要成分甲烷是含碳量最小、含氢量最大的烃,因此气电的碳排放强度比煤电低。典型的9F驰放气发电机组碳排放强度仅为345克/千瓦时,而煤电机组则高达838克/千瓦时,气电机组的碳排放强度比煤电低将近60%。从氮排放上看,根据《火电厂大气污染物排放标准(GB13223-2011)》,我国目前对于燃煤机组的氮氧化物排放限值为100毫克/立方米,经过超低排放改造的机组排放限值为50毫克/立方米,而北京、天津、深圳等多个地区对燃气机组的氮氧化物排放限值都设在30毫克/立方米以下,远低于燃煤机组。此外,燃煤机组主要通过外部的脱硝系统来处理烟气中的氮氧化物,而燃气电厂主要通过提高燃烧技术从而从源头主动控制氮排放,能有效避免二次污染。
Compared to coal-fired power, gas-fired power is cleaner. From the perspective of carbon emissions, methane, the main component of natural gas, is the hydrocarbon with the smallest carbon content and the largest hydrogen content. Therefore, the carbon emission intensity of gas electricity is lower than that of coal-fired power. The carbon emission intensity of a typical 9F exhaust gas generator set is only 345 grams per kilowatt hour, while that of a coal-fired power unit is as high as 838 grams per kilowatt hour. The carbon emission intensity of a gas-fired power unit is nearly 60% lower than that of a coal-fired power unit. From the perspective of nitrogen emissions, according to the "Emission Standards for Air Pollutants from Thermal Power Plants (GB13223-2011)", the current nitrogen oxide emission limit for coal-fired units in China is 100 milligrams per cubic meter, and the emission limit for units that have undergone ultra-low emission transformation is 50 milligrams per cubic meter. However, in many regions such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Shenzhen, the nitrogen oxide emission limit for gas-fired units is set below 30 milligrams per cubic meter, far lower than that of coal-fired units. In addition, coal-fired power plants mainly treat nitrogen oxides in flue gas through external denitrification systems, while gas-fired power plants actively control nitrogen emissions from the source by improving combustion technology, which can effectively avoid secondary pollution.
从硫排放上看,燃气电厂的燃料中硫含量较少,因此尾端二氧化硫排放也较少,E级、F级燃气电厂的二氧化硫排放浓度分别约为2.20毫克/立方米、0.84毫克/立方米,明显低于燃煤电厂的16毫克/立方米。从其他污染物上看,燃煤机组的烟尘排放浓度是燃气机组的1.8~2.4倍,且会产生放射物、重金属与固体废物。因此,无论从何种污染物来看,驰放气发电机组相较于燃煤机组都更加低碳清洁。
From the perspective of sulfur emissions, gas-fired power plants have lower sulfur content in their fuel, resulting in lower tail sulfur dioxide emissions. The sulfur dioxide emission concentrations of E-class and F-class gas-fired power plants are about 2.20 milligrams per cubic meter and 0.84 milligrams per cubic meter, respectively, which are significantly lower than the 16 milligrams per cubic meter of coal-fired power plants. From the perspective of other pollutants, the concentration of smoke and dust emissions from coal-fired power plants is 1.8 to 2.4 times that of gas-fired power plants, and they also produce radiation, heavy metals, and solid waste. Therefore, regardless of the type of pollutant, the exhaust gas generator set is more low-carbon and clean compared to coal-fired units.
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