一、目前国内焦炉煤气综合利用主要途径有：

　　1、 At present, the main ways for comprehensive utilization of coke oven gas in China are:

　　（1）焦炉煤气用作气体燃料；

　　(1) Coke oven gas is used as a gas fuel;

　　（2）焦炉煤气发电；

　　(2) Coke oven gas power generation;

　　（3）焦炉煤气作为化工产品合成气，主要有以下几种工艺路线：

　　(3) As a synthetic gas for chemical products, coke oven gas mainly has the following process routes:

　　a：焦炉煤气提氢联产合成氨；

　　a: Coke oven gas hydrogen extraction combined with ammonia synthesis;

　　b：焦炉煤气制甲醇，甲醇驰放气提氢联产合成氨；

　　b: Coke oven gas to produce methanol, methanol release gas to extract hydrogen and co produce synthetic ammonia;

　　c：焦炉煤气甲烷化制LNG，副产少量氢气；

　　c: Methanation of coke oven gas to produce LNG, producing a small amount of hydrogen gas as a byproduct;

　　d：焦炉煤气液化（无甲烷化）制LNG，副产大量氢气；

　　d: The liquefaction of coke oven gas (without methane) to produce LNG produces a large amount of hydrogen gas as a byproduct;

　　e：焦炉煤气直接提取氢气，剩余解析气回焦炉，置换焦炉煤气；

　　e: Directly extracting hydrogen from coke oven gas, and returning the remaining decomposed gas to the coke oven to replace coke oven gas;

　　二、焦炉煤气综合利用主要工艺及效益成本分析

　　2、 Main processes and cost-benefit analysis of comprehensive utilization of coke oven gas

　　2.1焦炉煤气用作气体燃料

　　2.1 Coke oven gas used as gas fuel

　　焦炉煤气是优质的中热值气体燃料，其热值为17兆焦~20兆焦/标准立方米，煤气的主要成分（体积百分比）为氢55％~60％、甲烷19％~24%、一氧化碳5％~9％，另外含两个以上的碳原子的不饱和烃2％~4％，目前，由于燃煤大部分地区受到环保限制，天然气虽然热值较焦炉煤气高（约2倍），但天然气使用成本较高，所以焦炉煤气仍是工业生产的主要气体燃料。如将焦炉煤气用作陶瓷厂窑炉的加热燃料，以及用作水泥和玻璃等工业生产的燃料。这种模式适合于焦化企业周边有陶瓷、水泥、玻璃加工企业，通过脱硫、脱萘后加压送往用热单位，通过管道输送维护费用较低，按销售价0.6元/方计算，130万吨焦炭副产外供焦炉煤气40000方/小时，销售额约2.4万元/小时，年销售收入2.1亿元。经初步核算，焦炉煤气通过脱硫、脱萘、加压等综合成本为约0.38元/方，扣除成本后，年产生的经济效益约为7040万元。

　　Coke oven gas is a high-quality medium calorific value gas fuel, with a calorific value of 17 megajoules to 20 megajoules per standard cubic meter. The main components (volume percentages) of the gas are hydrogen 55% to 60%, methane 19% to 24%, carbon monoxide 5% to 9%, and unsaturated hydrocarbons containing two or more carbon atoms 2% to 4%. Currently, due to environmental restrictions in most areas where coal is burned, although natural gas has a higher calorific value (about twice that of coke oven gas), its usage cost is higher. Therefore, coke oven gas is still the main gas fuel for industrial production. If coke oven gas is used as heating fuel for ceramic factory kilns, as well as fuel for industrial production such as cement and glass. This model is suitable for ceramic, cement, and glass processing enterprises in the vicinity of coking enterprises. After desulfurization and naphthalene removal, it is pressurized and sent to heat consuming units. The maintenance cost is relatively low through pipeline transportation. Calculated at a sales price of 0.6 yuan/cubic meter, 1.3 million tons of coke by-products are supplied to 40000 cubic meters/hour of coke oven gas, with a sales revenue of about 24000 yuan/hour and an annual sales revenue of 210 million yuan. According to preliminary calculations, the comprehensive cost of desulfurization, naphthalene removal, and pressurization of coke oven gas is about 0.38 yuan/cubic meter. After deducting the cost, the annual economic benefits generated are about 70.4 million yuan.

　　2.2利用焦炉煤气发电

　　2.2 Utilizing coke oven gas for power generation

　　我国许多焦化企业将剩余的焦炉煤气用于发电。焦炉煤气发电有三种方式，分别为蒸汽发电（热电联产）、燃气轮机发电和内燃机发电，目前这几种发电方式在国内均有应用，技术成熟。如果焦化企业与高电耗生产匹配或与发供电企业联营，且上网电价合适，焦炉煤气用于发电可作为优先选择的技术路之一。其运行与管理简便，生产作业间长，可采取多种方式，企业收益稳定。

　　Many coking enterprises in our country use the remaining coke oven gas for power generation. There are three ways to generate electricity from coke oven gas, namely steam power generation (cogeneration), gas turbine power generation, and internal combustion engine power generation. Currently, these power generation methods are widely used in China and have mature technologies. If coking enterprises are matched with high electricity consumption production or jointly operated with power generation and supply enterprises, and the on grid electricity price is appropriate, using coke oven gas for power generation can be one of the preferred technological paths. Its operation and management are simple, the production operation is long, multiple methods can be adopted, and the enterprise's income is stable.

　　（1）蒸汽发电，热电联产供热与发电兼用

　　(1) Steam power generation, combined heat and power generation for both heating and power generation

　　蒸汽发电由锅炉-凝气式气轮机-发电机组成。该工艺以焦炉煤气作为热源燃烧锅炉，生成高压蒸汽，用以带动汽轮机、发电机而发电。蒸汽发电技术过关、成熟可靠。在我国焦化行业应用较广泛，但其系统复杂、占地面积大、启动时间长。

　　Steam power generation consists of a boiler condensing gas turbine generator. This process uses coke oven gas as a heat source to burn boilers and generate high-pressure steam, which is used to drive steam turbines and generators to generate electricity. Steam power generation technology is mature and reliable. It is widely used in China's coking industry, but its system is complex, occupies a large area, and has a long start-up time.

　　（2）焦炉煤气用于燃气轮机发电

　　(2) Coke oven gas used for gas turbine power generation

　　燃气轮机发电是用焦炉煤气直接燃烧，驱动燃气轮机以带动发电机发电。燃气轮机发电机组设备紧凑、占地少、效率高、效益好、启动速度快。不过，燃气轮机运行一段时间后必须远距离运回制造厂检修，因此需要较多的备品，要求工人有较高的技术素质。

　　Gas turbine power generation is achieved by directly burning coke oven gas to drive the gas turbine, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity. The gas turbine generator set is compact, occupies less land, has high efficiency, good benefits, and fast starting speed. However, after running for a period of time, gas turbines must be transported back to the manufacturing plant for maintenance at a long distance, requiring a large number of spare parts and requiring workers to have high technical skills.

　　（3）燃气——蒸汽联合循环发电技术（CCPP）

　　(3) Gas Steam Combined Cycle Power Generation Technology (CCPP)

　　该技术的基本原理是将剩余的焦炉煤气和回收的高炉煤气经净化、混合、加压后送往燃气轮机燃烧、膨胀做功，带动燃气轮发电机组发电。同时燃气轮机排放的高温烟气加热余热锅炉，产生蒸汽，带动蒸汽轮发电机组，形成联合循环发电。燃气——蒸汽联合发电是热能资源的高效梯级综合利用，其发电效率高达45％以上，实现了钢电联产，目前我国的济钢、宝钢、太钢、沙钢、通钢、鞍钢、马钢、邯钢安钢、涟钢等多家钢厂都在使用该技术。

　　The basic principle of this technology is to purify, mix, and pressurize the remaining coke oven gas and recovered blast furnace gas before sending them to a gas turbine for combustion, expansion, and power generation, driving the gas turbine generator set to generate electricity. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas emitted by the gas turbine heats the waste heat boiler, generates steam, and drives the steam turbine generator unit to form a combined cycle power generation. Gas steam combined power generation is an efficient cascade comprehensive utilization of thermal energy resources, with a power generation efficiency of over 45%, realizing the co production of steel and electricity. Currently, many steel mills in China, such as Jigang, Baosteel, Taiyuan Iron and Steel, Shagang, Tonggang, Ansteel, Magang, Handan Iron and Steel, and Lianyungang, are using this technology.

　　（4）用煤气内燃机带动发电机发电

　　(4) Using a gas internal combustion engine to drive a generator to generate electricity

　　我国一些焦化厂也有采用煤气内燃机发电。可供选择的焦炉煤气内燃机发电机组有400千瓦、500千瓦、1200千瓦和2000年瓦。目前焦化行业大多采用的是500千瓦焦炉煤气内燃机发电机组。按焦炉煤气热值（低热值）16720千焦/立方米计算，1立方米焦炉煤气可发电1.1千瓦时。

　　Some coking plants in our country also use gas internal combustion engines for power generation. The available options for coke oven gas internal combustion engine generator sets are 400 kW, 500 kW, 1200 kW, and 2000 kW. At present, the coking industry mostly uses 500 kW coke oven gas internal combustion engine generator sets. According to the calorific value (low calorific value) of 16720 kilojoules per cubic meter of coke oven gas, 1 cubic meter of coke oven gas can generate 1.1 kilowatt hours of electricity.

　　结论：焦炉煤气热值：4128Kcal/m3，即17255kJ/m3，锅炉效率：80%，过热蒸汽参数：温度540℃；压力9.8MPa；3475.4kJ/kg，即每万方焦炉煤气可产高压蒸汽40t，每万方焦炉煤气可发电11000KWh，燃气轮机发电效率高，发电成本低，但是前期投资大；余热锅炉发电前期投资小，但是发电效率较低，发电成本高。建议采取燃气轮机发电的方式，减少煤气放空、降低经济损失。另外采取燃气轮机和余热锅炉联合发电的形式，该方案前期投资太大且经济性不好。

　　Conclusion: The calorific value of coke oven gas is 4128Kcal/m3, which is 17255kJ/m3. The boiler efficiency is 80%, and the superheated steam parameters are at a temperature of 540 ℃; Pressure 9.8MPa; 3475.4kJ/kg， Each 10000 cubic meters of coke oven gas can produce 40 tons of high-pressure steam, and each 10000 cubic meters of coke oven gas can generate 11000 kWh of electricity. Gas turbines have high power generation efficiency and low power generation costs, but require large initial investment; The initial investment for waste heat boiler power generation is small, but the power generation efficiency is low and the power generation cost is high. Suggest adopting gas turbine power generation to reduce gas venting and minimize economic losses. Additionally, adopting a combination of gas turbines and waste heat boilers for power generation would result in excessive initial investment and poor economic viability.

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