燃气发电机组作为分布式能源系统的核心设备，其运行稳定性直接关系到供电可靠性。通过建立预防性维护体系，可显著降低非计划停机率，延长设备使用寿命。

　　As the core equipment of distributed energy systems, the operational stability of gas generators directly affects the reliability of power supply. By establishing a preventive maintenance system, unplanned downtime can be significantly reduced and equipment lifespan can be extended.

　　一、日常巡检与运行监控

　　1、 Daily inspection and operation monitoring

　　状态参数监测

　　Status parameter monitoring

　　每2小时记录排气温度、振动幅值、机油压力等关键指标。

　　Record key indicators such as exhaust temperature, vibration amplitude, and oil pressure every 2 hours.

　　采用红外热像仪检测缸盖、排气管温度分布，温差超15℃时需检查燃料混合比。

　　Use an infrared thermal imager to detect the temperature distribution of the cylinder head and exhaust pipe. When the temperature difference exceeds 15 ℃, the fuel mixture ratio needs to be checked.

　　燃料系统检查

　　Fuel system inspection

　　每日排放燃气滤清器积水，使用激光甲烷检测仪检查管路接口，泄漏量超0.1%LEL时立即处理。

　　Daily discharge of accumulated water from the gas filter, use a laser methane detector to check the pipeline interface, and immediately deal with leaks exceeding 0.1% LEL.

　　天然气机组需每季度检测燃气热值，波动超5%时调整空燃比控制器参数。

　　The natural gas unit needs to test the gas calorific value every quarter, and adjust the parameters of the air-fuel ratio controller when the fluctuation exceeds 5%.

　　润滑系统维护

　　Lubrication system maintenance

　　每周检查机油液位，使用光谱分析仪检测金属磨粒含量。

　　Check the oil level weekly and use a spectral analyzer to detect the content of metal abrasive particles.

　　每运行250小时取样化验机油粘度，SAE 40机油100℃运动粘度低于12.5cSt时需更换。

　　Take samples and test the viscosity of the engine oil every 250 hours of operation. SAE 40 engine oil should be replaced if its 100 ℃ kinematic viscosity is below 12.5cSt.

　　二、定期保养与深度维护

　　2、 Regular maintenance and deep maintenance

　　空气系统保养

　　Air system maintenance

　　每500小时清洁或更换空气滤清器，使用尘埃粒子计数器检测过滤效率。

　　Clean or replace the air filter every 500 hours and use a dust particle counter to measure the filtration efficiency.

　　每2000小时进行压缩空气反吹，清除中冷器翅片间积灰，恢复换热效率。

　　Perform compressed air blowback every 2000 hours to remove dust accumulation between the fins of the intercooler and restore heat transfer efficiency.

　　点火系统校准

　　Ignition system calibration

　　每1000小时检查火花塞间隙，天然气机组间隙应控制在0.35-0.45mm。

　　Check the spark plug clearance every 1000 hours, and the clearance of the natural gas unit should be controlled within 0.35-0.45mm.

　　每3000小时进行点火线圈阻抗测试，初级阻值超3Ω需更换。

　　Perform impedance testing on the ignition coil every 3000 hours. If the primary resistance exceeds 3 Ω, it needs to be replaced.

　　冷却系统维护

　　Cooling system maintenance

　　每运行100小时检查冷却液冰点，乙二醇浓度低于40%时补充。

　　Check the freezing point of the coolant every 100 hours of operation, and replenish when the concentration of ethylene glycol is below 40%.

　　每2年进行化学清洗，去除水套内水垢。

　　Perform chemical cleaning every 2 years to remove scale from the water jacket.

　　三、深度维护与大修周期

　　3、 Deep maintenance and overhaul cycle

　　气门间隙调整

　　Valve clearance adjustment

　　每8000小时或出现功率下降时调整气门间隙。

　　Adjust the valve clearance every 8000 hours or when there is a decrease in power.

　　采用激光对中仪检测凸轮轴与挺柱间隙，误差超0.1mm需检修。

　　Using a laser alignment instrument to detect the clearance between the camshaft and the tappet, if the error exceeds 0.1mm, maintenance is required.

　　涡轮增压器检修

　　Turbocharger maintenance

　　每16000小时拆检增压器，检查压气机叶轮径向间隙。

　　Disassemble and inspect the turbocharger every 16000 hours, and check the radial clearance of the compressor impeller.

　　使用动平衡机检测转子不平衡量，超10g·cm需校正。

　　Use a dynamic balancing machine to detect rotor unbalance, and correct it if it exceeds 10g · cm.

　　活塞组件更换

　　Piston component replacement

　　每32000小时或缸套磨损超0.2mm时更换活塞环。某污水处理厂机组因活塞环断裂导致燃气窜入曲轴箱，引发曲轴箱爆炸。

　　Replace the piston ring every 32000 hours or when the cylinder liner wear exceeds 0.2mm. A certain sewage treatment plant unit experienced a crankcase explosion due to gas entering the crankcase caused by a broken piston ring.

　　采用内窥镜检测缸套珩磨纹，磨损超限后进行激光熔覆修复。

　　Use an endoscope to detect the honing marks on the cylinder liner, and perform laser cladding repair after exceeding the wear limit.

　　四、智能维护技术应用

　　4、 Application of intelligent maintenance technology

　　油液在线监测

　　Oil online monitoring

　　安装铁谱分析传感器，实时检测机油中金属颗粒浓度。

　　Install an iron spectrum analysis sensor to detect the concentration of metal particles in the engine oil in real time.

　　振动频谱分析

　　Vibration spectrum analysis

　　每季度采集机体振动信号，通过FFT变换识别特征频率。

　　Collect vibration signals of the body every quarter and identify characteristic frequencies through FFT transformation.

　　数字孪生维护

　　Digital twin maintenance

　　建立机组三维数字模型，模拟不同工况下的应力分布。

　　Establish a three-dimensional digital model of the unit to simulate stress distribution under different operating conditions.

　　五、备件管理与应急预案

　　5、 Spare parts management and emergency plan

　　关键备件储备

　　Key spare parts reserve

　　遵循“3+1”原则：储备3套常用易损件，1套核心部件。某数据中心储备火花塞、滤清器等，确保4小时内恢复供电。

　　Following the "3+1" principle: reserve 3 sets of commonly used vulnerable parts and 1 set of core components. A certain data center reserves spark plugs, filters, etc. to ensure power restoration within 4 hours.

　　应急处理流程

　　Emergency response process

　　制定燃气泄漏、超速停机等12类应急预案。某化工园区机组因雷击导致ECU故障，按预案切换至备用控制器，30分钟内恢复运行。

　　Develop 12 types of emergency plans for gas leaks, overspeed shutdowns, etc. A unit in a chemical industrial park experienced ECU failure due to lightning strikes. According to the plan, it was switched to a backup controller and resumed operation within 30 minutes.

　　通过构建状态监测、定期保养、智能诊断的三级维护体系，燃气发电机组可用率可提升至99.5%以上。随着工业互联网发展，预测性维护将成为主流，通过机器学习算法分析历史数据，实现从“计划检修”到“按需维护”的转变，最大限度发挥设备效能。

　　By establishing a three-level maintenance system consisting of status monitoring, regular maintenance, and intelligent diagnosis, the availability of gas generator sets can be increased to over 99.5%. With the development of industrial internet, predictive maintenance will become mainstream. By analyzing historical data through machine learning algorithms, the transformation from "planned maintenance" to "on-demand maintenance" can be achieved, maximizing equipment efficiency.

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